Ethyl carbamate docs - research only

Research sources, reviews and links to information relating to distillation.

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Drunk-N-Smurf
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Ethyl carbamate docs - research only

Post by Drunk-N-Smurf »

I hope this is ok with the mods....

Since Ethyl carbamate seems to come up in so many discussions, I felt it deserves a thread of its own to allow people to make an educated informed decision for themselves.

It is agreed by most that there does need to be an awareness of the EC levels in our spirits, and as such needs to be an awareness of accurate information regarding the subject, and fact based methods to manage EC production.

This thread is not to discuss the copper vs stainless debate, or the copper ascending/descending debate.

This thread is strictly to provide unbiased research documentation regarding ethyl carbomate, which will hopefully provide people with enough information to make an informed decision ON THEIR OWN as to how they choose to manage EC in their own processes.

Feel free to link to documents, and feel free to provide excerpts of linked documentation that you feel is important.

DONT post pushy opinions.

DONT post your own interpretations of results as interpretation is subject to the reader

DONT post links to blog posts or articles that don't have links to the actual studies they are based on.

Please keep this as a pure research repository for others to base their practices on. If you want to discuss a particular study use a discussion thread quoting the article in question.

Now, that being said, I've compiled as much information as I could find either myself, or from the many threads mentioning EC formation. Which will be in the next post. I may have missed a few, so feel free to add to the list.
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Drunk-N-Smurf
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Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only

Post by Drunk-N-Smurf »

Wikipedia article on Ethyl carbamate.
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_carbamate


Study showing how ethyl carbamate is metabolized by the body. Also contains LD50 information.

https://books.google.ca/books?id=qJwX5g ... CEEQ6AEwCA

United States Food and Drug Administration report on ethyl carbamate including recommendations to reduce EC in alcoholic beverages.

http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Food/Foodb ... 119802.pdf


Report on genotoxic impurities in food. Great read on EC, and the important role copper plays early in the distillation process.

https://books.google.ca/books?id=vMDRLM ... er&f=false



Ethyl carbamate formation in the production of pot still whiskey

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10 ... 8eb5e4713c


Article describing the effects of double distillation on EC formation in sugar cane spirits

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10 ... 8342d01976



Environment Canada draft screening assessment on EC. Lots of info, quite a lengthy read.
http://www.ec.gc.ca/ese-ees/default.asp ... C24225A8-1

I found the following passage interesting
Various studies have reported that 90-95% of ethyl carbamate is metabolized to ethanol, CO2 and NH3 prior to elimination, with 2-8%and 0.3-1% of the parent recovered in urine and feces

A study on EC formation in Brazilian spirits

http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S01 ... ci_arttext


A study on EC formation in stone fruit spirits

ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/Translations/Ru ... P_070e.pdf
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Drunk-N-Smurf
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Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only

Post by Drunk-N-Smurf »

Gas chromatography study of ethyl carbomate formation at various stages of fermentation and distillation.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ar ... 4611007722

Result of study:
The results indicate that ethyl carbamate is formed during fermentation and its concentrations increases during distillation, corroborating the need to separate head and tail fractions to ensure cachaça quality. It is essential to obey the limits of this compound established by legislation and even to avoid its presence in final product.

European food safety authority commission recommendations on reduction of EC content in alcoholic beverages.

http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ ... 32010H0133
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Drunk-N-Smurf
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Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only

Post by Drunk-N-Smurf »

Update url: ethyl carbamate formation in the production of pot still whiskey. (Link was bad in original post)

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1 ... 4618.x/pdf
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Drunk-N-Smurf
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Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only

Post by Drunk-N-Smurf »

Australian study on EC in food and beverages (love the result..."risk is negligible...")

http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/science ... %20web.pdf
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Drunk-N-Smurf
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Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only

Post by Drunk-N-Smurf »

An excellent study that was done from the UK used for liquor policy review. Chapter 11 is particularly noteworthy, as it tested samples of "unregistered alcohol" to determine if it was a health risk (more of a risk than store bought) the ethyl carbamate levels are reported as part of that testing.

http://amphoraproject.net/w2box/data/e- ... 2013_c.pdf
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thecroweater
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Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only

Post by thecroweater »

excellent links Smurf very interesting reads :thumbup:
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3d0g
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Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only

Post by 3d0g »

Well done smurf! :clap:
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DAD300
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Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only

Post by DAD300 »

Very nice compilation...

Medically, working around Urethane
http://oehs.vcu.edu/chemical/biosafe/urethane.pdf" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;" rel="nofollow

Cancer risk assessment of ethyl carbamate in alcoholic beverages
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2892455/" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;" rel="nofollow
CCVM http://homedistiller.org/forum/viewtopi ... d#p7104768" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;" rel="nofollow
Ethyl Carbamate Docs viewtopic.php?f=6&t=55219&p=7309262&hil ... e#p7309262
DSP-AR-20005
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