I hope this is ok with the mods....
Since Ethyl carbamate seems to come up in so many discussions, I felt it deserves a thread of its own to allow people to make an educated informed decision for themselves.
It is agreed by most that there does need to be an awareness of the EC levels in our spirits, and as such needs to be an awareness of accurate information regarding the subject, and fact based methods to manage EC production.
This thread is not to discuss the copper vs stainless debate, or the copper ascending/descending debate.
This thread is strictly to provide unbiased research documentation regarding ethyl carbomate, which will hopefully provide people with enough information to make an informed decision ON THEIR OWN as to how they choose to manage EC in their own processes.
Feel free to link to documents, and feel free to provide excerpts of linked documentation that you feel is important.
DONT post pushy opinions.
DONT post your own interpretations of results as interpretation is subject to the reader
DONT post links to blog posts or articles that don't have links to the actual studies they are based on.
Please keep this as a pure research repository for others to base their practices on. If you want to discuss a particular study use a discussion thread quoting the article in question.
Now, that being said, I've compiled as much information as I could find either myself, or from the many threads mentioning EC formation. Which will be in the next post. I may have missed a few, so feel free to add to the list.
Ethyl carbamate docs - research only
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- Rumrunner
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Ethyl carbamate docs - research only
Hangover? I don't get no stinking hangover!
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- Rumrunner
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Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only
Wikipedia article on Ethyl carbamate.
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_carbamate
Study showing how ethyl carbamate is metabolized by the body. Also contains LD50 information.
https://books.google.ca/books?id=qJwX5g ... CEEQ6AEwCA
United States Food and Drug Administration report on ethyl carbamate including recommendations to reduce EC in alcoholic beverages.
http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Food/Foodb ... 119802.pdf
Report on genotoxic impurities in food. Great read on EC, and the important role copper plays early in the distillation process.
https://books.google.ca/books?id=vMDRLM ... er&f=false
Ethyl carbamate formation in the production of pot still whiskey
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10 ... 8eb5e4713c
Article describing the effects of double distillation on EC formation in sugar cane spirits
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10 ... 8342d01976
Environment Canada draft screening assessment on EC. Lots of info, quite a lengthy read.
http://www.ec.gc.ca/ese-ees/default.asp ... C24225A8-1
I found the following passage interesting
A study on EC formation in Brazilian spirits
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S01 ... ci_arttext
A study on EC formation in stone fruit spirits
ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/Translations/Ru ... P_070e.pdf
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_carbamate
Study showing how ethyl carbamate is metabolized by the body. Also contains LD50 information.
https://books.google.ca/books?id=qJwX5g ... CEEQ6AEwCA
United States Food and Drug Administration report on ethyl carbamate including recommendations to reduce EC in alcoholic beverages.
http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Food/Foodb ... 119802.pdf
Report on genotoxic impurities in food. Great read on EC, and the important role copper plays early in the distillation process.
https://books.google.ca/books?id=vMDRLM ... er&f=false
Ethyl carbamate formation in the production of pot still whiskey
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10 ... 8eb5e4713c
Article describing the effects of double distillation on EC formation in sugar cane spirits
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10 ... 8342d01976
Environment Canada draft screening assessment on EC. Lots of info, quite a lengthy read.
http://www.ec.gc.ca/ese-ees/default.asp ... C24225A8-1
I found the following passage interesting
Various studies have reported that 90-95% of ethyl carbamate is metabolized to ethanol, CO2 and NH3 prior to elimination, with 2-8%and 0.3-1% of the parent recovered in urine and feces
A study on EC formation in Brazilian spirits
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S01 ... ci_arttext
A study on EC formation in stone fruit spirits
ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/Translations/Ru ... P_070e.pdf
Hangover? I don't get no stinking hangover!
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- Rumrunner
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Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only
Gas chromatography study of ethyl carbomate formation at various stages of fermentation and distillation.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ar ... 4611007722
Result of study:
European food safety authority commission recommendations on reduction of EC content in alcoholic beverages.
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ ... 32010H0133
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ar ... 4611007722
Result of study:
The results indicate that ethyl carbamate is formed during fermentation and its concentrations increases during distillation, corroborating the need to separate head and tail fractions to ensure cachaça quality. It is essential to obey the limits of this compound established by legislation and even to avoid its presence in final product.
European food safety authority commission recommendations on reduction of EC content in alcoholic beverages.
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/ ... 32010H0133
Hangover? I don't get no stinking hangover!
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- Rumrunner
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Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only
Update url: ethyl carbamate formation in the production of pot still whiskey. (Link was bad in original post)
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1 ... 4618.x/pdf
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1 ... 4618.x/pdf
Hangover? I don't get no stinking hangover!
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- Rumrunner
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Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only
Australian study on EC in food and beverages (love the result..."risk is negligible...")
http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/science ... %20web.pdf
http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/science ... %20web.pdf
Hangover? I don't get no stinking hangover!
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- Rumrunner
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Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only
An excellent study that was done from the UK used for liquor policy review. Chapter 11 is particularly noteworthy, as it tested samples of "unregistered alcohol" to determine if it was a health risk (more of a risk than store bought) the ethyl carbamate levels are reported as part of that testing.
http://amphoraproject.net/w2box/data/e- ... 2013_c.pdf
http://amphoraproject.net/w2box/data/e- ... 2013_c.pdf
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- thecroweater
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Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only
excellent links Smurf very interesting reads
Those who would give up essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety. Benjamin Franklin
Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only
Well done smurf!
Re: Ethyl carbamate docs - research only
Very nice compilation...
Medically, working around Urethane
http://oehs.vcu.edu/chemical/biosafe/urethane.pdf" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;" rel="nofollow
Cancer risk assessment of ethyl carbamate in alcoholic beverages
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2892455/" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;" rel="nofollow
Medically, working around Urethane
http://oehs.vcu.edu/chemical/biosafe/urethane.pdf" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;" rel="nofollow
Cancer risk assessment of ethyl carbamate in alcoholic beverages
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2892455/" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;" rel="nofollow
CCVM http://homedistiller.org/forum/viewtopi ... d#p7104768" onclick="window.open(this.href);return false;" rel="nofollow
Ethyl Carbamate Docs viewtopic.php?f=6&t=55219&p=7309262&hil ... e#p7309262
DSP-AR-20005
Ethyl Carbamate Docs viewtopic.php?f=6&t=55219&p=7309262&hil ... e#p7309262
DSP-AR-20005