Enzyme: Difference between revisions

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Any of numerous protein molecules produced by living organisms (including [[Yeast|yeast]]) and functioning as catalysts in biochemical reactions. Despite their derivation from living materials, are not living organisms themselves. Enzymes emerge intact from the catalytic reactions they produce and are denatured (rendered inactive) by [[pH|pH]] extremes and high temperatures. Usually, an enzyme acts only on a specific molecule (substrate), so an enzyme that acts upon pectin will not act upon [[Starch|starch]]. In winemaking, most of the essential enzymes are produced by yeast, but some are not and must be introduced by the winemaker. Some of the more important enzymes that find use in winemaking are:
[[File:Ethanol-fermentation.png|thumb|320px|right|Ethanol Fermentation]]
Any of numerous protein molecules produced by living organisms (including [[yeast]]) and functioning as catalysts in biochemical reactions. Despite their derivation from living materials, are not living organisms themselves. Enzymes emerge intact from the catalytic reactions they produce and are denatured (rendered inactive) by [[pH]] extremes and high temperatures. Usually, an enzyme acts only on a specific molecule (substrate), so an enzyme that acts upon pectin will not act upon [[starch]]. In winemaking, most of the essential enzymes are produced by yeast, but some are not and must be introduced by the winemaker. Some of the more important enzymes that find use in winemaking are:


*[[Amylase|Amylase]] - An enzyme which catalyzes the [[Hydrolysis|hydrolysis]] of starch into [[Maltose|maltose]] and [[Dextrin|dextrin]].
*[[Amylase]] - An enzyme which catalyzes the [[hydrolysis]] of starch into [[maltose]] and [[dextrin]].
*[[Cellulase|Cellulase]] - Any of several enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of [[Cellulose|cellulose]].
*[[Cellulase]] - Any of several enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of [[cellulose]].
*[[Invertase|Invertase]] - An which that catalyzes the hydrolysis of [[Sucrose|sucrose]] into an equal mixture of [[Glucose|glucose]] and [[Fructose|fructose]].
*[[Invertase]] - An which that catalyzes the hydrolysis of [[sucrose]] into an equal mixture of [[glucose]] and [[fructose]].
*[[Lactase|Lactase]] - An enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of [[Lactose|lactose]] into glucose and [[Galactose|galactose]].
*[[Lactase]] - An enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of [[lactose]] into glucose and [[galactose]].
*[[Lipase|Lipase]] - Any of a group of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides into [[Glycerol|glycerol]] and fatty [[Acid|acids]].
*[[Lipase]] - Any of a group of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides into [[glycerol]] and fatty [[acid]]s.
*[[Maltase|Maltase]] - An enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis maltose to glucose.
*[[Maltase]] - An enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis maltose to glucose.
*[[Pectinase|Pectinase]] - An enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of [[Pectin|pectin]] to [[Pectic_acid|pectic acid]] and [[Methanol|methanol]].
*[[Pectinase]] - An enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of [[pectin]] to [[pectic acid]] and [[methanol]].


[[Category:Fermentation]]
[[Category:Fermentation]]
[[Category:Glossary]]
[[Category:Glossary]]

Revision as of 23:11, 30 September 2017

Ethanol Fermentation

Any of numerous protein molecules produced by living organisms (including yeast) and functioning as catalysts in biochemical reactions. Despite their derivation from living materials, are not living organisms themselves. Enzymes emerge intact from the catalytic reactions they produce and are denatured (rendered inactive) by pH extremes and high temperatures. Usually, an enzyme acts only on a specific molecule (substrate), so an enzyme that acts upon pectin will not act upon starch. In winemaking, most of the essential enzymes are produced by yeast, but some are not and must be introduced by the winemaker. Some of the more important enzymes that find use in winemaking are: