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Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Fri Apr 24, 2020 3:19 pm
by 007sniper
@ Yummyrum Damn your a lucky man!! Id cut it and stretch it! Add 24" or 28" right in the middle! Have you somethin' !!!
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Fri Apr 24, 2020 6:59 pm
by Birrofilo
Ok, I have a theoretical question.
We give for granted that the amount of energy, given a certain quantity of broth to be distilled, is the same whether the surface of the broth on the kettle is relatively larger or relatively smaller.
What I am wondering now is whether that can be an advantage in reducing puking / flooding.
Let's say that one wants to make a stripping run as fast as he can, and that the limiting factor is the puking.
Let's imagine that one substitute his kettle with an identical one, same volume, same maximum power (which is in excess of the power causing puking), but the base is longer than the height.
The purpose is to find the maximum energy needed to run the distillation without puking.
Will the second kettle be able to work at a higher energy, and therefore a higher yield?
Let's imagine that, in both cases, the boiler is filled for 2/3 of the total volume.
It seems to me - and I can certainly be wrong - that while the heat for square centimeter applied in each kettle in order to avoid puking will be the same, the horizontal kettle has more surface therefore it will be able to accept more power before puking, and that should result in a faster production.
If that's true, there might be an advantage in horizontal kettles (or in "squatty" boilers as opposed to "slim" boilers).
On the other hand, the vertical boiler (or the slim boiler) will reach boiling temperature faster than the squatty boiler, given the same amount of energy, for reasons not totally clear to me but that probably have to do with the heat dissipation on the upper surface during ramping up (the larger the surface, the larger the dissipation).
That's why automatic kettles for beermaking tend to be slim, and that's why the "Jet Boiler" product for hijacking is slim, because it boils faster, coeteris paribus. Shape affects function.
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Fri Apr 24, 2020 8:47 pm
by Daveman69
If I'm not mistaken your assumption is correct. A larger surface area given the same power; would reduce the chances of puking due to the boil being less violent. Regardless of shape equal liquid volumes with both produce the same amount of vapor. The pot with the larger surface area would just have a calmer boil. So you would be able to apply more power to the pot with the larger surface area before puking would happen. Therefore increasing the amount of vapor and speed of run. Assuming reflux is equal. Also regardless of shape, if the liquid volume is the same, and the power is the same; they will reach the boiling point at the same time. The shape or surface area has no bearing on that
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Sat Apr 25, 2020 12:06 pm
by LWTCS
Birrofilo wrote: ↑Fri Apr 24, 2020 6:59 pm
On the other hand, the vertical boiler (or the slim boiler) will reach boiling temperature faster than the squatty boiler, given the same amount of energy, for reasons not totally clear to me but that probably have to do with the heat dissipation on the upper surface during ramping up (the larger the surface, the larger the dissipation).
That's why automatic kettles for beermaking tend to be slim, and that's why the "Jet Boiler" product for hijacking is slim, because it boils faster,
coeteris paribus. Shape affects function.
Sorry mate. You'll have to prove that.
As mentioned the shape more often has to do with available floor space, and safe working elevations,,,,,function.
Otherwise it's all about BTUs in.
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Sat Apr 25, 2020 10:35 pm
by Birrofilo
LWTCS wrote: ↑Sat Apr 25, 2020 12:06 pm
Sorry mate. You'll have to prove that.
As mentioned the shape more often has to do with available floor space, and safe working elevations,,,,,function.
Otherwise it's all about BTUs in.
I understand your perplexity, which is also mine. Yet, empirically speaking, we know that the "jetboil" product is known in hijacking circles to actually boil fast in relation to the BTUs applied. And in beermaking circles slim kettles are thought to favour a more robust boiling.
This is
vox populi and it could be certainly wrong.
Yet, it is not "all about BTUs" as you will easily experience, with any pot in your house, that water boils faster if you put a lid on the pot. The amount of heat which is dissipated through the upper face of the pot, especially when there is no lid, slows the ramping up.
This appears to me good indication that it's the heat which is dissipated from the top surface which slows the reaching of the boiling point. And if that is correct, then I think it is equally correct to think that the pot with the smaller top surface will reach boiling point faster,
coeteris paribus.
As a side note, one might think that homeothermic animals will dissipate, in order to keep their basal temperature, a certain amount of energy (calories etc.) following a relation which depends from their weight and not from their shape. Supposing that man and elephant have the same basal temperature (which is probably not true, but for the sake of the argument it will become true for the moment) the energy consumed to maintain thermal equilibrium, given the same external temperature, can be thought as proportional to weight.
But this is not true. Large animals (elephants, whales, and in the past large dinosaurs) benefit from the "pachiderm effect": they dissipate through the surface of the body, and the surface of the body doesn't grow proportionally to the weight/volume (the sking grows according to a quadratic law, the volume grows according to a cubic law). So an elephant with the dimension of a man, or a dog, would dissipate more heat in order to maintain thermal equilibrium than what would be suggested by the proportion with the weight of the real elephant.
Given the same proportion of bones, fat, muscles etc. man would, by the same token, consume less energy if he was shaped like a perfect ball, because the relation surface/volume in the ball is smaller than in man.
The shape of a living being, or of a kettle, influences the way its heat is dissipated.
Animals dissipate heat through their entire body (more or less, see below) while a kettle over a stove dissipate heat mainly from their upper part.
It is also known that man dissipate most of the heat from his head. This is, maybe, the "kettle effect": heat mounts along the body (because heat tends to "travel upward") until it arrives to the head, where if finds an "exit".
Reducing the surface of the boiling water, of the upper face of the pot, reduces the "escape" for the heat.
You might also have noticed that it is easier to get cold if you fall asleep in bed with your clothes on. You need a blanket. You were thermally comfortable while standing or sitting, but remaining half an hour in horizontal position makes you get cold. That's because the "escape" surface, when you are horizontal, is larger.
I am not totally sure what I say is true, but I am quite confident it makes sense.
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Sat Apr 25, 2020 10:59 pm
by NZChris
The following formula is used to calculate the kW of power needed for an element needed to heat a specific volume of water by a given temperature rise in 1 hour.
Volume in litres x 4 x temperature rise in degrees centigrade / 3412
Note that there is nothing in the equation to allow for the shape of the vessel.
The only effect the shape has is due to heat loss from the surface area available for the losses. So insulate it.
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Sun Apr 26, 2020 3:37 am
by LWTCS
Birrofilo wrote: ↑Sat Apr 25, 2020 10:35 pm
LWTCS wrote: ↑Sat Apr 25, 2020 12:06 pm
Sorry mate. You'll have to prove that.
As mentioned the shape more often has to do with available floor space, and safe working elevations,,,,,function.
Otherwise it's all about BTUs in.
I understand your perplexity, which is also mine. Yet, empirically speaking, we know that the "jetboil" product is known in hijacking circles to actually boil fast in relation to the BTUs applied. And in beermaking circles slim kettles are thought to favour a more robust boiling.
This is
vox populi and it could be certainly wrong.
Yet, it is not "all about BTUs" as you will easily experience, with any pot in your house, that water boils faster if you put a lid on the pot. The amount of heat which is dissipated through the upper face of the pot, especially when there is no lid, slows the ramping up.
This appears to me good indication that it's the heat which is dissipated from the top surface which slows the reaching of the boiling point. And if that is correct, then I think it is equally correct to think that the pot with the smaller top surface will reach boiling point faster,
coeteris paribus.
As a side note, one might think that homeothermic animals will dissipate, in order to keep their basal temperature, a certain amount of energy (calories etc.) following a relation which depends from their weight and not from their shape. Supposing that man and elephant have the same basal temperature (which is probably not true, but for the sake of the argument it will become true for the moment) the energy consumed to maintain thermal equilibrium, given the same external temperature, can be thought as proportional to weight.
But this is not true. Large animals (elephants, whales, and in the past large dinosaurs) benefit from the "pachiderm effect": they dissipate through the surface of the body, and the surface of the body doesn't grow proportionally to the weight/volume (the sking grows according to a quadratic law, the volume grows according to a cubic law). So an elephant with the dimension of a man, or a dog, would dissipate more heat in order to maintain thermal equilibrium than what would be suggested by the proportion with the weight of the real elephant.
Given the same proportion of bones, fat, muscles etc. man would, by the same token, consume less energy if he was shaped like a perfect ball, because the relation surface/volume in the ball is smaller than in man.
The shape of a living being, or of a kettle, influences the way its heat is dissipated.
Animals dissipate heat through their entire body (more or less, see below) while a kettle over a stove dissipate heat mainly from their upper part.
It is also known that man dissipate most of the heat from his head. This is, maybe, the "kettle effect": heat mounts along the body (because heat tends to "travel upward") until it arrives to the head, where if finds an "exit".
Reducing the surface of the boiling water, of the upper face of the pot, reduces the "escape" for the heat.
You might also have noticed that it is easier to get cold if you fall asleep in bed with your clothes on. You need a blanket. You were thermally comfortable while standing or sitting, but remaining half an hour in horizontal position makes you get cold. That's because the "escape" surface, when you are horizontal, is larger.
I am not totally sure what I say is true, but I am quite confident it makes sense.
Here we go again.
There is so much here that is completely irrelevant. Putting a lid on a kitchen pot to increase heat up time has nothing to do with the shape. That has more to do with pressure.
"Reducing the surface of the boiling water, of the upper face of the pot, reduces the "escape" for the heat."
For the purposes of distilling spirits,,,,no.
As far as your animal analogy is concerned,,,really?
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Sun Apr 26, 2020 12:18 pm
by Birrofilo
NZChris wrote: ↑Sat Apr 25, 2020 10:59 pm
The following formula is used to calculate the kW of power needed for an element needed to heat a specific volume of water by a given temperature rise in 1 hour.
Volume in litres x 4 x temperature rise in degrees centigrade / 3412
Note that there is nothing in the equation to allow for the shape of the vessel.
The only effect the shape has is due to heat loss from the surface area available for the losses. So insulate it.
But you cannot insulate the upper side of the cylinder!
The formula is not a scientific one (I might say: prove it!) it's a rule of thumb formula, a tool.
The formula is "simplified" as it doesn't take into account the losses for dissipation, which are important (including the dissipation on the upper face).
If we talk science, the formulas which belong to the trade toolkit do not hold water. Any artisan uses formulas that wouldn't hold at a University exam.
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Sun Apr 26, 2020 12:24 pm
by Birrofilo
LWTCS wrote: ↑Sun Apr 26, 2020 3:37 am
Here we go again.
There is so much here that is completely irrelevant. Putting a lid on a kitchen pot to increase heat up time has nothing to do with the shape. That has more to do with pressure.
"Reducing the surface of the boiling water, of the upper face of the pot, reduces the "escape" for the heat."
For the purposes of distilling spirits,,,,no.
As far as your animal analogy is concerned,,,really?
Well, I don't see any reasoning in this. Reducing the surface of the boiling water should, IMHO, reduce the escape of heat in the unit of time.
I am just too tempted to tell you "prove it" because it seems to me that there is some dogmatic affirmation here, which might also be true, but for what I read it's not demonstrated. If you can point me to some source (such as some physics principle, some Wikipedia page) I would be grateful. So far, I receive apodeictic affirmations.
The actual experiment would be very easy to perform: using two kettle of different shape, and same wattage, and see what happens.
At the moment I have a hunch that the slim kettle boils faster, some market/industry confirmation that it boils faster, and some non-argumented affirmation that it doesn't.
I remain inclined to think as I think, but open to the scientific doubt, and ready to revise the "hunch" in front of a proper demonstration.
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Sun Apr 26, 2020 4:15 pm
by LWTCS
For the purpose of distilling spirits, two equal volumes of liquid installed into two separate kettles that are aesthetically different or otherwise the same with two separate orientations will boil off at the same rate as long as both kettles experience the same amount of heat input and R value.
I don't really need to prove that. You on the otherhand will need to prove that to yourself evidently.
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Sun Apr 26, 2020 4:24 pm
by LWTCS
For our purposes, you will need 70 watts (nearly 240 BTUs) per liter of 10% abv to bring to a boil in 1 hour.
It's just what it takes. Doesn't matter if your kettle is cylindrical, heart shaped, standing vertically or laying horizontally.
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Tue Apr 28, 2020 9:49 am
by Birrofilo
I think you are confusing the fast equation that you use - and that work in a practical way, but do not take into account all factors - with physics.
I see nowhere insulation/dissipation taken into account into your reasoning.
If I were to believe your words, I would have to believe that an insulated pot and a non-insulated pot work the same, because 7W per liter is all what it takes.
If you had a more complete equation, that takes into account dissipation, calculated on all faces of the vessel, and the equation demonstrably says that the dissipation on a large surface is the same than on a small surface on the upper top, than I would believe you are right.
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Tue Apr 28, 2020 10:19 am
by LWTCS
Variables have been considered and mentioned. Reread through the thread again if you can't recall.
I don't really care if you think I am right.
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Tue Apr 28, 2020 8:41 pm
by Birrofilo
Relax man, we can disagree without any problem.
I will go back to this thread only if I find somewhere some "definitive" consideration, we better live it at there.
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Wed Apr 29, 2020 12:12 pm
by stillanoob
Don't want to pour gas on the fire and I am not sure if this is relevant but...
If reducing a sauce on the stove, it will reduce more quickly in a wider pan with less depth of sauce. It will take longer in a smaller pot with greater depth of sauce. In both cases the same heat would be applied.
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Wed Apr 29, 2020 12:29 pm
by LWTCS
stillanoob wrote: ↑Wed Apr 29, 2020 12:12 pm
Don't want to pour gas on the fire and I am not sure if this is relevant but...
If reducing a sauce on the stove, it will reduce more quickly in a wider pan with less depth of sauce. It will take longer in a smaller pot with greater depth of sauce. In both cases the same heat would be applied.
The stove analogy can be confusing for some people for a couple of reasons:
*A 4 burner stove very often has 3 different wattages. Front left and right are different and the two rears are the same for example. Not really a big deal as long as you are aware that the two front do not provide equal heat. But you don't have to do a side by side race of course.
* Smaller (diameter) pots will often times not have the same amount of surface area contact as the larger ones.
Notwithstanding the actual pot,just be sure that all of the variables are equally applied to both pots and you'll see that the rate of evaporation for our purposes is no different for practical application.
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Wed Apr 29, 2020 2:33 pm
by NZChris
stillanoob wrote: ↑Wed Apr 29, 2020 12:12 pm
Don't want to pour gas on the fire and I am not sure if this is relevant but...
If reducing a sauce on the stove, it will reduce more quickly in a wider pan with less depth of sauce. It will take longer in a smaller pot with greater depth of sauce. In both cases the same heat would be applied.
Are you sure about that? The Latent Heat of Evaporation formula to work out the energy required to evaporate a volume of liquid doesn't include the surface area, so any apparent difference would be more likely to be related to energy lost to the atmosphere from the sides of the pan.
https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/flui ... d_147.html
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Wed Apr 29, 2020 2:41 pm
by stillanoob
Sure? Hell no. But it has been my experience, it was taught to me waaaay back when I was a cook in my youth. Quoting from Bon Appetit:
"The more surface area your sauce has to do its thing, the quicker it'll reduce. A large Dutch oven or wide sauté pan will yield the quickest results. Can you reduce in a small sauce pot? Of course. Just keep in mind: The deeper the pan's volume, the longer it'll take to condense and reduce."
For sure when reducing a sauce it makes a difference. Practical experience has confirmed that for me. Whether or not that applies to our current conversation I leave to others smarter than I. Which is just about anybody...
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Wed Apr 29, 2020 2:53 pm
by NZChris
You don't reduce with the lid on. (Well, I don't
) The pot is open to the atmosphere and air movement, so you're not having to drive all of the vapor out of a hole in the lid and having reflux running back to the pan, as happens in a still.
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Wed Apr 29, 2020 9:51 pm
by Birrofilo
stillanoob wrote: ↑Wed Apr 29, 2020 2:41 pm
Sure? Hell no. But it has been my experience, it was taught to me waaaay back when I was a cook in my youth. Quoting from Bon Appetit:
"The more surface area your sauce has to do its thing, the quicker it'll reduce. A large Dutch oven or wide sauté pan will yield the quickest results. Can you reduce in a small sauce pot? Of course. Just keep in mind: The deeper the pan's volume, the longer it'll take to condense and reduce."
For sure when reducing a sauce it makes a difference. Practical experience has confirmed that for me. Whether or not that applies to our current conversation I leave to others smarter than I. Which is just about anybody...
I agree with the empirical evidence on this being obviously valid. What I think in this case is that a cook doesn't really care to reduce the sauce "given a certain amount of heat". What the instructions mean is, in my perception, that if you use a small pan you cannot use more than much heat, whereas if you use a larger pan, you can apply to it a larger heat, and do the job faster. Cooks are not interested in the physics of sauce reduction
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Thu Apr 30, 2020 2:31 am
by Corsaire
The theory you lose most heat through your head has been debunked a number of times.
You've completely lost me with the elephants.
Vapor production is dependent on power in minus power out, so heating power minus heat lost to the environment.
In other words kw or btus in minus whatever radiates from your boiler. LWTCS said R, which is insulation. The better you insulate your boiler the less energy you need to throw at the boiler.
I believe most boilers are round because that's the most efficient way to use resources: a sphere holds the largest volume with the smallest possible surface. So materials savings.
Surface area could have an effect on vapor behavior. To check that I'd need two boilers of the same volume but of different shape. I've no time or inclination to do these tests atm.
A square wide boiler may be easy to fabricate.
Do those short squat kegs hold the same volume as the tall narrow ones? That could be an easy setup to experiment with.
At a hobby level, I don't think it's an issue. Most people don't run narrow cilinders as a boiler anyway.
Re: Horizontal boiler
Posted: Tue May 05, 2020 10:33 pm
by Daveman69
I'm glad to see that this post has encouraged some debate on a few things. I hope that some, has taken something from the information that has been given here. Although some still argue over what is true and what is false.